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Solar array desk.

A photovoltaic array running the real single-diode cell model. Irradiance scales the photocurrent, temperature drops the voltage, and the maximum-power-point shifts with both, so a hot bright panel makes less than its rating. Scrub a real irradiance day, push the array into the heat, and watch the MPP tracker chase the knee. Then size the inverter, let the glass get dirty, and follow every kilowatt down the loss waterfall to the grid.

PANEL FIELD TRACKING

Live tracker field. The sun follows real solar geometry for the scrubbed hour, haze follows the irradiance deficit against clear sky, and the amber DC pulses to the inverter scale with output. Scrub past dusk to stow the field under stars. Switch to 2D for the I-V / P-V curve.

PLANT DAY · Skåne (SE4) · drag to scrub 1.89 MWh AC

AC ENERGY: 1.89MWh
PEAK: 421kW @ 12:00
SPECIFIC YIELD: 1.28kWh/kWp
PERF RATIO: 94%
CAP FACTOR: 6.7%
CLIPPED: 0kWh
INSOLATION: 1.37kWh/m²
DAYLIGHT: 8.7h · 06:47–15:29 UTC
CLEARNESS: 89% of clear sky

Skåne (SE4) · live 2026-11-03 · 12:00 UTC 293 W/m² · 9.4 °C ambient

PLANT ADVISOR

MPPT MPP tracking captures 2% more than holding the STC voltage. ▸ The knee sits at 34.8 V now, not the rated 32.8 V. The controller must chase it.

PLANT READOUT

AC POWER 421kW of 1180 kW inverter

DC POWER 432kW 88 W per module

EFFICIENCY 18.3% performance 97%

V · I 35V 2.5A Voc 40.3 · Isc 2.8

CELL TEMP 19°C +9 °C over ambient

FILL FACTOR 79% Pmpp / (Voc × Isc)

INVERTER 97.5% 37% load

SUN 18° S 102% of clear sky

ARRAY 1475kWp 5000 × 295 W

LOSS WATERFALL

Nameplate at 293 W/m² 432 kW

Low light −2 kW 0.4%

Cell temperature +10 kW 2.3%

Off MPP 0 kW 0.0%

Soiling −9 kW 2.0%

Inverter −11 kW 2.5%

Clipping 0 kW 0.0%

AC to grid 421 kW

CONTROLS

WEATHER Irradiance293 W/m² Ambient temp9 °C

PLANT Array size5000 modules Soiling2% light lost DC:AC ratio1.25 · 1180 kW AC Oversizing the array fills the inverter in weak light but clips at noon. MPP tracking (2% over fixed V)